This is because the note is just as close the the perfect fifth as it is to the perfect fourth. That same key can also be called a diminished fifth. Augmented simply means that it is slightly above a perfect fourth. The F sharp key is what we call an augmented fourth.
The interval between C and F is a fourth. What happens when the black key goes up a partial interval? This very thing happens at the F key. Ok, so I've told you what happens when we go down a partial interval. If the E key is a major third, we can call the black key directly before it, the E flat key, the minor third. There is a black key right before the E key. The same goes for the interval between C and E. This interval is not quite a full, or major second, so we call it a minor second. If you look at the keyboard, you'll realize that there is a black key in between the C and the D keys, the D flat key. Let's take that a step further and call it a major second. I said previously that the interval between the C and the D is a second. Now you know all of the major intervals of the C Major scale, but what about the sharps and the flats? Let's take a look at those intervals now. An interval of an eighth is also called an octave. Follow same logic and you'll find that C to E is a third, C to F is a fourth, C to G is a fifth, C to A is a sixth, C to B is a seventh, and C to the next C is an eighth. The distance between the C and the D in the C Major scale is a second. Let's take a look at the C Major scale to illustrate what I mean. What is an interval, you ask? An interval is the space between two notes. Download PDF Learn How To Use Piano Intervals In This Piano Lesson!
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